Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky wrote the 1812 Overture (full title: Festival Overture "The Year 1812" in E♭ major, Op. 49; French: Ouverture solennelle 1812) to commemorate Russia's 1812 efense against Napoleon's advancing Grande Armée at the Battle of Borodino, during the devastating French invasion of Russia. The Overture debuted in the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow on August 20, 1882 (NS; the OS date was 8 August). The overture is best known for its climactic volley of cannon fire and ringing chimes. While this piece has no historical connection with United States history, it is often a staple at Fourth of July celebrations.