An antiquarian or antiquary is one concerne with antiquities or things of the past. Also, and most often in modern usage, an antiquarian is a person who deals with or collects rare and ancient "antiquarian books". More narrowly, the term is often used for those who studied history with special attention to "antiques", meaning ancient objects of art or science as physical traces of the past. Antiquarianism is usually considered to have emerged in the 16th century; by the 19th century it had become transformed and bifurcated into the academic disciplines of archaeology and philology.