Catherine of Aragon (also know as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine) (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536), Castilian Infanta Catalina e Aragón y Castilla, was the Queen of England as the first wife of Henry VIII of England. Henry's attempt to have their twenty-four-year marriage annulled set in motion a chain of events that led to England's break with the Roman Catholic Church. Henry was dissatisfied with the marriage because all their sons had died in childhood, leaving only one of their six children, Princess Mary (later Queen Mary I) as heiress presumptive, at a time when there was no established precedent for a woman on the throne. When Pope Clement VII refused to annul the marriage, Henry defied him by creating the Anglican Church so that he could marry Anne Boleyn anyway, in the hope of fathering a male heir to the Tudor dynasty.