Cotton fever is a synrome that is often associated with intravenous drug use, specifically the use of cotton to filter drugs like heroin. The cause of the condition is believed to be endotoxin shed by the bacteria Enterobacter agglomerans which colonizes cotton plants. A condition very similar to cotton fever was described in the 18th century among cotton-mill workers. The term cotton fever was coined in 1975 after the syndrome was recognized in intravenous drug users.