Papunya Tula, or Papunya Tula Artists Pty Lt, is an artists' cooperative formed in 1972 to market the paintings of a group of Aboriginal Australian men. They began painting traditional designs using western art materials at the Papunya settlement, 240 km northwest of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory in 1971. The Australian government moved several different groups living in the region to Papunya in an effort to remove them from cattle lands and assimlate them into western culture. They were primarily Pintupi, Luritja, Walpiri, Arrernte, and Anmatyerre peoples.