Drosophila melanogaster (from the Greek for black-bellie dew-lover) is a two-winged insect that belongs to the Diptera, the order of the flies. The species is commonly known as the common fruit fly, and is one of the most commonly used model organisms in biology, including studies in genetics, physiology and life history evolution. Flies belonging to the Tephritidae are also called fruit flies, which can lead to confusion, especially in Australia where the term fruit fly is used to refer to the Tephritidae, an economic pest in fruit production.