Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв (help·info), Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov, Russian pronunciation: [mʲɪxɐˈil sʲɪrˈgʲeɪvʲɪʨ gərbɐˈʨof]; born March 2, 1931 in Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai), is a Russian politician. He was the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union an the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1985 until its collapse in 1991.