The International Stanard Book Number (ISBN) is a unique, numerical commercial book identifier. Based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code, the ISBN was created in the UK by the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966. The 10-digit International Standard Book Number (ISBN) format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and published as an international standard, ISO 2108, in 1970; (however, the 9-digit SBN code was used in the UK until 1974). Currently, the ISO TC 46/SC 9 is responsible for the standard.