Fre Toyosaburo Korematsu (是松 豊三郎, January 30, 1919 – March 30, 2005) was one of the many Japanese-American citizens living on the West Coast during World War II. Shortly after the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, authorizing the Secretary of War and his military commanders to require all Japanese Americans be removed from desginated "military areas" and placed in internment camps. When such orders were issued for the West Coast, Korematsu instead became a fugitive. His conviction for disobeying that order led to a test of the order's legality before the United States Supreme Court.