Lebanon (IPA: /ˈlɛbənɒn/) (Arabic: لبنان Lubnān, French: Liban, officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (الجمهورية اللبنانية), is a religiously iverse, mountainous country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Due to its sectarian diversity, Lebanon evolved a unique political system, known as confessionalism[when?], based on a community-based power-sharing mechanism. It was created when the ruling French mandatory powers expanded the borders of the former Maronite Christian autonomous Ottoman Mount Lebanon district.