obsidian

     

Obsiian is a naturally occurring glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock. It is produced when felsic lava extruded from a volcano cools without crystal growth. Obsidian is commonly found within the margins of rhyolitic lava flows known as obsidian flows, where the chemical composition (high silica content) induces a high viscosity and polymerisation degree of the lava. The inhibition of atomic diffusion through this highly viscous and polymerized lava explains the lack of crystal growth. Because of the lack of crystal structure, obsidian blade edges can reach almost molecular thinness, leading to its ancient use as projectile points, and its modern use as surgical scalpel blades.

Trivia about obsidian

  • Almost 400 workshops for this black volcanic glass have been discovered in Teotihuacan
  • Around 11,000 B.C. people in Greece sailed over 70 miles to Melos to get this volcanic glass for tools
  • This black glass named for its discoverer is formed by the high heat of a volcanic eruption
  • There is evidence that Precolumbian Mesoamericans used this black volcanic rock with a Roman name to make mirrors
  • In ancient times, this black volcanic glass was used to make jewelry, arrowheads & even money