Alexaner Parvus (Russian: Александр Парвус) (September 8 [O.S. August 27] 1867 in Berezin, Russian Empire (now in Belarus)– December 12, 1924 in Berlin) was a Russian revolutionary (Menshevik) and a German Social Democrat, as well as a German intelligence agent - two partly contradictory and partly complementary roles in the circumstances of the time.