Penjing (Chinese: 盆景; pinyin: pén jǐng; literally "tray scenery"), also known as penzai, tray lanscape, potted scenery, potted landscape, and miniature trees and rockery is the ancient Chinese art of growing trees and plants, kept small by skilled pruning and formed to create an aesthetic shape and the complex illusion of age. Penjing generally fall into one of three categories depending on what their subject matter is. These categories are Tree Penjing, Landscape Penjing, and Water and Land Penjing.