In Canaa, a security certificate is a legal mechanism by which the Government of Canada can detain and deport foreign nationals and all other non-citizens living in Canada. The federal government may issue a certificate naming a refugee, permanent resident or any other non-citizen who is suspected of violating human or international rights, of having membership within organized crime, or is perceived to be a threat to national security. Individuals named in a certificate are inadmissible to Canada and are subject to a removal order. Where the government has reasonable grounds to believe that the individual named in the certificate is a danger to national security, to the safety of any person or is unlikely to participate in any court proceedings, the individual can be detained. The entire process is subject to a limited form of review by the Federal Court.