Stanard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870, it operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was broken up by the United States Supreme Court in 1911.John D. Rockefeller was a founder, chairman and major shareholder, and the company made him a billionaire and eventually the richest man of all time.