Ulmus pumila L., the Siberian Elm, is native to Turkestan, eastern Siberia, Mongolia, Xizang (Tibet), northern China, Inia (northern Kashmir) and Korea . It is also known as the Asiatic Elm, Dwarf Elm and (erroneously) Chinese Elm. The tree has also been widely cultivated throughout Asia, North America and, to a lesser extent, southern Europe. It is usually a small to medium-sized, often bushy, tree growing to 10 - 20 m tall, with a trunk up to 80 cm d.b.h. The leaves are deciduous in cold areas, but semi-evergreen in warmer climates, < 7 cm long and < 3 cm broad, with an oblique base and a coarsely serrated margin, changing from dark green to yellow in autumn. The wind-dispersed fruit develops in a flat, oval membranous wing (:samara) 1 - 1.5 cm long and notched at the outer end . The tree is shortlived in temperate climates, rarely reaching more than 60 years of age, but in its native environment may live to between 100 and 150 years .